The First World War, originally called the Great War, was a historical landmark not only for European nations but also the colonies under their governance. As we would see below this war raised between 1914-1919 impacted the political developments in India. Government of India Act 1919 Aspirations towards nationalism and independence were strong enough in India for years. But during … Read More
10 Basic Differences between Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights
The Directive Principles of State Policy are let down in Part IV of the Constitution and Fundamental Rights are described in Part III thereof are both equally part of the Constitution. They are both equally meant to be fundamental in their concerned spheres. Yet in nature, objective and application they present a study in contrast. Well, there are few similarities between the Directive Principles and the Fundamental Rights … Read More
How Qutubuddin Aibek became the founder of the Slave Dynasty?
Muhammad Ghori had a passion for acquiring Turkish slaves whom he treated with affection and care. He provided opportunities to them to develop their personalities and build their careers. It shows his love and sympathies for the persons of his own race who had suffered immensely at the hands of the Muslim invaders of the Arabic and Persian stocks as … Read More
Role of Napoleon Bonaparte in French History and His Downfall
France, in the period from 1789 to 1799 (French Revolution), moved from absolute to limited monarchy, through radical republicanism, to military dictatorship. Napoleon Bonaparte was a native of the French-owned island of Corsica. In 1796, Napoleon successfully commanded the French army fighting the Austrians and Sardinians in northern Italy. Then he led an expedition into Egypt to cripple England’s trade. … Read More
The Budget of India : The Annual Financial Statement
According to the first clause of Article 112, “Every year the President causes to be placed before both the Houses of Parliament the annual financial statement, or the budget, in respect of “the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Government of India for that year”. The presentation of the budget by the Financial Minister customarily on the last day of … Read More
Comptroller & Auditor General of India – Appointment, Removal & Powers
The office of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India may be traced back to the year 1857 when Lord Canning appointed for the first time an Accountant-General to the Govt. of India. Then the office grew in significance and gained independence of the Govt. of India in 1919 under Monftford Reforms when the Auditor-General came to be appointed by the … Read More
The Viceroys of India (1858-1947) & Main Events Under Their Tenures
Below is presented a brief information regarding the Viceroys of India who ruled from 1858 to 1947 and the main events that occured under their regimes. As we are aware the office of Viceroy was created in the aftermath of the upheaval of 1857. From 1858 onwards, the British Crown took the reins of administration in its hands and the … Read More
All Three Round Table Conferences and Communal Award
Today we will discuss the basic details regarding Three Round Conferences (First, Second and Third) as well as their importance in Modern Indian History. We will also mention the background and outcome of Communal Award which was introduced by Ramsay MacDonald. The report of Simon Commission failed to satisfy the Indians. The Congress in its session at Lahore in 1929, under … Read More
An Analysis of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution
The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is the starting point of the whole text of Constitution. It is an integral part of the same. It gives a glimpse of the process of thoughts which ran in the minds of the Constituent members. The Preamble proclaims that India shall be a democratic republic and its objectives shall be to ensure equality, … Read More
History of Indian Constitutional Reforms Under the British (1600-1935)
Since the days of East India Company, the outlines of administrative and political reforms began to appear. At the outset, these reforms were confined to the powers and jurisdiction of the Company. Subsequently, as the centre of power shifted to the Crown, the reforms attained a wider perspective and gradually influenced the entire area of British rule. The first such … Read More